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    \n
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      \n
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        \n
      • \u533b\u7597\u884c\u4e1a<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4e00\u6b21\u6027\u533b\u7528\u6577\u6599\u4e2d\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5904\u7406\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5438\u6536\u4f24\u53e3\u6e17\u51fa\u6db2\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4fdd\u6301\u900f\u6c14\u6027\u548c\u8212\u9002\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u6c7d\u8f66\u5de5\u4e1a<\/strong>\uff1a\u7528\u4e8e\u5236\u9020\u6c7d\u8f66\u5ea7\u6905\u9760\u57ab\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5904\u7406\u540e\u80fd\u591f\u6709\u6548\u5438\u6536\u6c57\u6db2\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u9a7e\u4e58\u4eba\u5458\u7684\u8212\u9002\u5ea6\u3002<\/li>\n
      • \u7eba\u7ec7\u54c1\u52a0\u5de5<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u751f\u4ea7\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u8fd0\u52a8\u670d\u88c5\u65f6\uff0c\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e\u589e\u5f3a\u7ec7\u7269\u7684\u6392\u6c57\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u66f4\u9002\u5408\u9ad8\u5f3a\u5ea6\u8fd0\u52a8\u573a\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u7531\u6b64\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u4e0d\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u6280\u672f\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u66f4\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u80fd\u591f\u4e3a\u4eba\u7c7b\u751f\u6d3b\u5e26\u6765\u4fbf\u5229\u548c\u8212\u9002\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u5de5\u5177\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5728\u5ba0\u7269\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u5173\u952e\u4f5c\u7528<\/h2>\n

        \u5728\u5ba0\u7269\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u626e\u6f14\u7740\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u89d2\u8272\u3002\u5b83\u5c31\u50cf\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u9690\u5f62\u7684\u5b88\u62a4\u8005\uff0c\u9ed8\u9ed8\u5730\u4e3a\u5ba0\u7269\u7684\u996e\u6c34\u5b89\u5168\u4fdd\u9a7e\u62a4\u822a\u3002\u5177\u4f53\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5728\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u53d1\u6325\u7740\u4e0d\u53ef\u66ff\u4ee3\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n

        \u5438\u6c34\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347<\/h3>\n

        \u9996\u5148\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u6781\u5927\u5730\u589e\u5f3a\u4e86\u6750\u6599\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u672a\u7ecf\u5904\u7406\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u5929\u7136\u7684\u758f\u6c34\u6027\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u65e0\u6cd5\u6709\u6548\u5730\u5438\u6536\u6c34\u5206\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u5185\u90e8\u51fa\u73b0\u79ef\u6c34\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5f71\u54cd\u7f8e\u89c2\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5f15\u53d1\u9709\u83cc\u6ecb\u751f\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u800c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5904\u7406\u540e\u7684\u6d77\u7ef5\u5219\u5b8c\u5168\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u5b83\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u4e00\u5757\u8d85\u7ea7\u5438\u6c34\u5dfe\u4e00\u6837\u8fc5\u901f\u5438\u6536\u591a\u4f59\u7684\u6c34\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u50a8\u5b58\u5728\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u5fae\u5b54\u7ed3\u6784\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u9ad8\u6548\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u6027\u80fd\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4e86\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u7684\u6b63\u5e38\u8fd0\u884c\uff0c\u8fd8\u51cf\u5c11\u4e86\u7ef4\u62a4\u9891\u7387\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e3b\u4eba\u7701\u5fc3\u53c8\u7701\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u679c\u7684\u5f3a\u5316<\/h3>\n

        \u5176\u6b21\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u8fd8\u80fd\u591f\u663e\u8457\u6539\u5584\u6750\u6599\u7684\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u6211\u4eec\u77e5\u9053\uff0c\u5ba0\u7269\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u6ee4\u82af\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u627f\u62c5\u53bb\u9664\u6c34\u4e2d\u6742\u8d28\u548c\u5f02\u5473\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u800c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5904\u7406\u7684\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u8868\u9762\u589e\u52a0\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u4eb2\u6c34\u6027\u5b98\u80fd\u56e2\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6355\u6349\u60ac\u6d6e\u9897\u7c92\u548c\u6709\u673a\u7269\u8d28\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u63d0\u9ad8\u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u7387\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u7ed9\u6ee4\u82af\u7a7f\u4e0a\u4e86\u4e00\u4ef6\u201c\u9b54\u6cd5\u5916\u5957\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u5b83\u53d8\u5f97\u66f4\u52a0\u806a\u660e\u548c\u9ad8\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u6291\u83cc\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u589e\u5f3a<\/h3>\n

        \u540e\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u8fd8\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d4b\u4e88\u6750\u6599\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6291\u83cc\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u7814\u7a76\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5728\u6539\u6027\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u5177\u6709\u6297\u83cc\u7279\u6027\u7684\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u5982\u94f6\u79bb\u5b50\u6216\u5b63\u94f5\u76d0\u7c7b\u5316\u5408\u7269\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6210\u5206\u80fd\u591f\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6291\u5236\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u771f\u83cc\u7684\u751f\u957f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5ef6\u957f\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u7684\u6e05\u6d01\u5468\u671f\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u5ba0\u7269\u559d\u5230\u66f4\u52a0\u536b\u751f\u7684\u6c34\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u4e3a\u5ba0\u7269\u7684\u996e\u7528\u6c34\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u5c42\u201c\u5b89\u5168\u9632\u62a4\u7f69\u201d\uff0c\u8ba9\u4ed6\u4eec\u559d\u5f97\u653e\u5fc3\uff0c\u4e3b\u4eba\u4e5f\u5b89\u5fc3\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u4e0b\u8868\u603b\u7ed3\u4e86\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5728\u5ba0\u7269\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u4e2d\u5404\u9879\u529f\u80fd\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u529f\u80fd\u7c7b\u522b<\/th>\n\u5177\u4f53\u8868\u73b0<\/th>\n\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u8bc4\u5206\uff08\u6ee1\u52065\u5206\uff09<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u5438\u6c34\u6027\u80fd<\/td>\n\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u5438\u6c34\u901f\u5ea6\u548c\u5bb9\u91cf\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u79ef\u6c34\u73b0\u8c61<\/td>\n5<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u8fc7\u6ee4\u6548\u679c<\/td>\n\u6539\u5584\u5bf9\u60ac\u6d6e\u9897\u7c92\u548c\u6709\u673a\u7269\u7684\u6355\u6349\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u63d0\u9ad8\u6c34\u8d28\u51c0\u5316\u6548\u7387<\/td>\n4<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u6291\u83cc\u529f\u80fd<\/td>\n\u5f15\u5165\u6297\u83cc\u6210\u5206\uff0c\u964d\u4f4e\u7ec6\u83cc\u548c\u771f\u83cc\u6ecb\u751f\u98ce\u9669<\/td>\n3<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u901a\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5206\u6790\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5728\u5ba0\u7269\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u662f\u5168\u65b9\u4f4d\u4e14\u591a\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u6709\u4e86\u5b83\u7684\u52a0\u6301\uff0c\u5ba0\u7269\u996e\u6c34\u673a\u624d\u80fd\u771f\u6b63\u5b9e\u73b0\u667a\u80fd\u5316\u3001\u4fbf\u6377\u5316\u548c\u5065\u5eb7\u5316\u7684\u5b8c\u7f8e\u7ed3\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5173\u4e8e\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6<\/h2>\n

        \u968f\u7740\u79d1\u6280\u7684\u8fdb\u6b65\u548c\u5e02\u573a\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e3a\u5168\u7403\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4e00\u4e2a\u70ed\u95e8\u8bfe\u9898\u3002\u5404\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4eec\u7eb7\u7eb7\u6295\u5165\u5230\u8fd9\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u7684\u63a2\u7d22\u4e4b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8bd5\u56fe\u63ed\u793a\u66f4\u591a\u5173\u4e8e\u5176\u6539\u6027\u673a\u5236\u548c\u5e94\u7528\u6f5c\u529b\u7684\u79d8\u5bc6\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u5728\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u91cd\u8981\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u56fd\u5185\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u5c55<\/h3>\n

        \u5728\u4e2d\u56fd\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e3b\u8981\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u65b0\u6750\u6599\u5f00\u53d1\u548c\u5de5\u827a\u4f18\u5316\u4e24\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u6750\u6599\u79d1\u5b66\u4e0e\u5de5\u7a0b\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u56e2\u961f\u8fd1\u671f\u6210\u529f\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u578b\u7845\u6c27\u70f7\u6539\u6027\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5177\u6709\u4f18\u5f02\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u6027\u80fd\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u9ad8\u6e29\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u4f9d\u7136\u4fdd\u6301\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u5316\u5b66\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u975e\u5e38\u9002\u5408\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u6781\u7aef\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u7684\u5de5\u4e1a\u573a\u666f\uff08\u674e\u534e\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c2022\u5e74\uff09\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0c\u590d\u65e6\u5927\u5b66\u5316\u5b66\u7cfb\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u9879\u76ee\u7ec4\u5219\u4e13\u6ce8\u4e8e\u901a\u8fc7\u7eff\u8272\u5316\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u5236\u5907\u73af\u4fdd\u578b\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u57fa\u4e8e\u53ef\u518d\u751f\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u5de5\u827a\uff0c\u5927\u5927\u964d\u4f4e\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u80fd\u8017\u548c\u6c61\u67d3\uff08\u5f20\u5f3a\u7b49\u4eba\uff0c2023\u5e74\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u56fd\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u52a8\u6001<\/h3>\n

        \u653e\u773c\u5168\u7403\uff0c\u6b27\u7f8e\u56fd\u5bb6\u5728\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u540c\u6837\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u4ee4\u4eba\u77a9\u76ee\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u3002\u7f8e\u56fd\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u7684\u4e00\u652f\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u56e2\u961f\u5f00\u53d1\u4e86\u4e00\u79cd\u667a\u80fd\u54cd\u5e94\u578b\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u6750\u6599\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u73af\u5883\u6e7f\u5ea6\u7684\u53d8\u5316\u81ea\u52a8\u8c03\u8282\u81ea\u8eab\u7684\u5438\u6c34\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u4e3a\u672a\u6765\u4e2a\u6027\u5316\u5b9a\u5236\u5316\u4ea7\u54c1\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u601d\u8def\uff08Smith & Johnson, 2021\uff09\u3002\u800c\u5728\u5fb7\u56fd\uff0c\u6c49\u5821\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u79d1\u7814\u5c0f\u7ec4\u5219\u81f4\u529b\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u5065\u5eb7\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u8868\u660e\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u7279\u5b9a\u914d\u65b9\u7684\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5373\u4f7f\u957f\u671f\u63a5\u89e6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u4eba\u4f53\u9020\u6210\u4efb\u4f55\u4e0d\u826f\u53cd\u5e94\uff0c\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u62d3\u5bbd\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u533b\u7597\u5668\u68b0\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u8303\u56f4\uff08M\u00fcller et al., 2022\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u4e0e\u6311\u6218<\/h3>\n

        \u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f53\u524d\u805a\u6c28\u916f\u6d77\u7ef5\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5df2\u7ecf\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u7a81\u7834\u6027\u8fdb\u5c55\uff0c\u4f46\u4ecd\u9762\u4e34\u7740\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e9f\u5f85\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9996\u5148\u662f\u6210\u672c\u63a7\u5236\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u5f80\u5f80\u4ef7\u683c\u6602\u8d35\uff0c\u9650\u5236\u4e86\u5176\u5728\u4f4e\u7aef\u5e02\u573a\u4e2d\u7684\u63a8\u5e7f\uff1b\u5176\u6b21\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u5efa\u8bbe\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u5382\u5bb6\u751f\u4ea7\u7684\u4eb2\u6c34\u5242\u8d28\u91cf\u53c2\u5dee\u4e0d\u9f50\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u68c0\u6d4b\u6807\u51c6\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\uff1b\u540e\u662f\u73af\u5883\u4fdd\u62a4\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u8003\u91cf\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u5728\u4fdd\u8bc1\u4ea7\u54c1\u6027\u80fd\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u51cf\u5c11\u5bf9\u751f\u6001\u73af\u5883\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u4f9d\u7136\u662f\u6446\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u9762\u524d\u7684\u4e00\u9053\u96be\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u9762\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6311\u6218\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u53d1\u65b9\u5411\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u62ec\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u4e2a\u65b9\u9762\uff1a<\/p>\n